Figure 1. Association between unplanned pregnancy and maternal abusive behaviors.
CI: confidence interval.
Adjusted Model 1: Unplanned pregnancy and bonding were entered into the model separately. The model was adjusted for probable postpartum depression, primiparous, hometown delivery (satogaeri bunben), household structure, age of mother, marital status, and financial stability.
Adjusted Model 2: Unplanned pregnancy and bonding impairment were added into the model simultaneously. The model was adjusted for covariates in Adjusted Model 1.
From: Bonding Impairment as an Explanatory Link between Unplanned Pregnancy and Maternal Infant Abuse: Results of a Causal Mediation Analysis
Figure 2. Mediation analysis results: effects of unplanned pregnancy on maternal abusive behaviors
This diagram illustrates the mediation model examined in our study. The arrow from Unplanned Pregnancy to Abusive Behaviors represents the direct effect, while the pathway through Bonding represents the indirect effect. We found that bonding impairment was a potential mediator, approaching statistical significance, in the relationship between unplanned pregnancy and maternal-infant abuse. This suggests that strengthening maternal-infant bonding may help mitigate the risk of abuse.
From: Bonding Impairment as an Explanatory Link between Unplanned Pregnancy and Maternal Infant Abuse: Results of a Causal Mediation Analysis
