JMA Journal

Figure 1. Figure 1A. Subjects with and without asthma symptoms: a VAS for migraine. Patients were examined for their degree of exacerbation (pain) of migraine using a VAS. We confirmed the presence of asthma symptoms (subjective symptoms, such as shortness of breath and asthma attacks) on the basis of their asthma diary or through consultations to study any changes. All patients who visited us without making an appointment were experiencing asthma attacks. At times of no migraine attacks, their asthma control was working sufficiently (no asthma attacks), and their migraine attacks corresponded to insufficient migraine control (with asthma symptoms/attacks).
We conducted statistical verification of the results using the Wilcoxon signed-ranks test.
Figure 1B. Presence of asthmatic symptoms and FeNO. To evaluate the level of allergic inflammation control of the airways, we measured the FeNO of 35 patients when they visited our center as outpatients or at the time of lack of asthma control. The cut-off lines of asthmatic inflammation of the airways are shown as a ruled line ⁽³²⁾.
The results were statistically reviewed using the paired t-test.
Figure 1C. Presence of asthmatic symptoms and PEF monitoring.
We recorded the PEF values at the time of lack of asthma control (during symptoms) in patients who had originally performed PEF monitoring to evaluate their asthma control. The results were statistically reviewed using the paired t-test.
Figure 1D. Presence of asthmatic symptoms and ACT.
With the aim of evaluating the level of asthma control, we conducted ACTs in 35 patients when they visited our center as outpatients or at times of lack of asthma control. Patients were also asked to record the intensity of headache. The border between sufficient and insufficient asthmatic control is shown as a ruled line ⁽³³⁾. The results were statistically reviewed using the Wilcoxon signed-ranks test.
ACT: Asthma Control Test; FeNO: fractional exhaled nitric oxide; PEF: peak expiratory flow; VAS: visual analog scale.

Figure 2. Correlation between VAS of migraine and bronchial asthma.
A correlation is seen in the difference in intensity of migraine and control markers of bronchial asthma (ACT [Figure 2A], FeNO [Figure 2B], and PEF [Figure 2C]) between times of sufficient control and insufficient control.
Figure 2A. Differences in the severity of migraine attacks and asthma control (ACT).
We evaluated the relationship between the severity of headache during migraine attacks (VAS) and asthma symptom assessment and the differences between the severity of headache and ACT during nonmigraine attacks.
Figure 2B. Differences in the severity of migraine attacks and asthma control (FeNO)
We investigated the association between the severity of headache during migraine attacks (VAS) and the severity of asthma airway inflammation (FeNO), and the differences between these measures during migraine-free periods.
Figure 2C. Differences in the severity of migraine attacks and asthma control (PEF).
We evaluated the association between the severity of headache during migraine attacks (VAS) and the severity of asthma (PEF), and the differences between the severity of headache and PEF during nonmigraine attacks.
ACT: Asthma Control Test; FeNO; fractional exhaled nitric oxide; PEF: peak expiratory flow; VAS: visual analog scale.