| Wheelchair type | Multifunctional wheelchair | Standard wheelchair | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Self-propelled or caregiver-assisted wheelchair | Tilt or reclining wheelchairs | Self-propelled or caregiver-assisted wheelchair | Tilt or reclining wheelchairs | |
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| Participants’ Characteristics | Total (N = 215) | Multifunctional Wheelchair (n = 96) | Standard Wheelchair (n = 119) | p Value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age median (IQR) | 88 (83-93) | 87 (84-92) | 89 (83-94) | 0.261 |
| Sex (women) n (%) | 153 (71.2%) | 68 (70.8%) | 85 (71.4%) | 0.924 |
| Care need level n (%) | ||||
| Care need level 3 | 39 (18.1%) | 15 (15.6%) | 24 (20.2%) | 0.314 |
| Care need level 4 | 121 (56.3%) | 54 (56.3%) | 67 (56.3%) | |
| Care need level 5 | 55 (25.6%) | 27 (28.1%) | 28 (23.5%) | |
| Comorbidities n (%) | ||||
| Dementia | 120 (55.8%) | 53 (55.2%) | 67 (56.3%) | 0.872 |
| Cerebrovascular diseases | 121 (56.3%) | 50 (52.1%) | 71 (59.7%) | 0.265 |
| Visual deficit | 4 (1.9%) | 2 (2.1%) | 2 (1.7%) | 0.828 |
| Depression | 8 (3.7%) | 4 (4.2%) | 4 (3.4%) | 0.756 |
| Medication n (%) | ||||
| Antipsychotics | 38 (17.7%) | 17 (17.7%) | 21 (17.6%) | 0.991 |
| Benzodiazepines | 47 (21.9%) | 17 (17.7%) | 30 (25.2%) | 0.186 |
| Sedatives hypnotics | 49 (22.8%) | 20 (20.8%) | 29 (24.4%) | 0.539 |
| Antihypertensives | 136 (63.3%) | 54 (56.3%) | 82 (68.9%) | 0.056 |
| Antidepressants | 17 (7.9%) | 7 (7.3%) | 10 (8.4%) | 0.764 |
| Physical function n (%) | ||||
| Sitting | ||||
| Possible without support | 18 (8.4%) | 6 (6.3%) | 12 (10.1%) | 0.510† |
| Possible with self-support | 39 (18.1%) | 20 (20.8%) | 19 (16.0%) | |
| Assistance (partial or full) | 96 (44.7%) | 47 (49.0%) | 49 (41.2%) | |
| Missing | 62 (28.8%) | 23 (24.0%) | 39 (32.8%) | |
| Standing up | ||||
| Possible without support | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.508† |
| Possible with self-support | 48 (22.3%) | 21 (21.9%) | 27 (22.7%) | |
| Assistance (partial or full) | 105 (48.8%) | 52 (54.2%) | 53 (44.5%) | |
| Missing | 62 (28.8%) | 23 (24.0%) | 39 (32.8%) | |
| Transferring | ||||
| Independent | 7 (3.3%) | 1 (1.0%) | 6 (5.0%) | 0.233† |
| Partial assistance | 72 (33.5%) | 34 (35.4%) | 38 (31.9%) | |
| Full assistance | 74 (34.4%) | 38 (39.6%) | 36 (30.3%) | |
| Missing | 62 (28.8%) | 23 (24.0%) | 39 (32.8%) |
| Multifunctional wheelchair (n = 96) | Standard wheelchair (n = 119) | |
|---|---|---|
| Fracture n (%) | 5 (5.2%) | 0 (0.0%) |
| Care need level | Fracture site | Wheelchair | Physical function | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sitting | Standing up | Transferring | ||||
| Case 1 | Care need level 4 | Hip fracture | Self-propelled wheelchair/back supports designed for kyphosis/low seat height | Possible with self-support | Possible with self-support | Independently |
| Case 2 | Care need level 4 | Hip fracture | Self-propelled wheelchair/back supports designed for kyphosis | Required assistance (partial or full) | Required assistance (partial or full) | Required full assistance |
| Case 3 | Care need level 5 | Hip fracture | Caregiver-assisted wheelchair/back supports designed for kyphosis | Required assistance (partial or full) | Required assistance (partial or full) | Required partial assistance |
| Case 4 | Care need level 4 | Hip fracture | Self-propelled wheelchair/back supports designed for kyphosis | Required assistance (partial or full) | Required assistance (partial or full) | Required full assistance |
| Case 5 | Care need level 5 | Forearm fracture | Caregiver-assisted wheelchair/back supports designed for kyphosis | Required assistance (partial or full) | Required assistance (partial or full) | Required full assistance |
