Table 1. Patient Characteristics.

From: Current Status and Management Strategies of Obstetric Hemorrhage Using Contrast-enhanced Dynamic Computed Tomography in a Representative Tertiary Perinatal Medical Center in Japan

Variable n = 150
Age 35.3 [22-45]
Primipara (n) 100
Multipara (n) 50
Vaginal delivery (n) 90
Cesarean section (n) 56
Gestational age
-12w (n) 2
12-22w (n) 2
22-37w (n) 4
37w- (n) 142
Amount of bleeding (mL) 2,803 [605-29,015]
Blood products
RBC (unit) 6 [0-108]
FFP (unit)* 6 [0-106]
PC (unit) 0 [0-125]
cryoprecipitate (bag) 0 [0-8]
Table 2. Causes of Obstetric Hemorrhage Based on four Ts.

From: Current Status and Management Strategies of Obstetric Hemorrhage Using Contrast-enhanced Dynamic Computed Tomography in a Representative Tertiary Perinatal Medical Center in Japan

4Ts n (%) Amount of bleeding (mL) RBC (unit) FFP (unit)
Tone 83 (55.3)
 Atonic uterine bleeding (n = 83) 2,751 [605-8,013] 6 [0-24] 6 [0-26]
Trauma 33 (22.0)
 Puerperal genital hematomas (n = 21)
 Cervical laceration (n = 4)
 Intra-abdominal hemorrhage (n = 3) 2,655 [800-29,015] 8 [0-108] 6 [0-106]
 Retroperitoneal hematomas (n = 2)
 Uterine rupture (n = 2)
 Heterotopic cervical pregnancy (n = 1)
Tissue 29 (19.3)
 Retained placenta (n = 16) 3,000 [1,500-5,927] 6 [0-22] 6 [0-28]
 Manual removal of placenta (n = 13)
Thrombin 5 (3.3)
 Placental abruption and subsequent DIC (n = 3) 3,300 [2,412-9,908] 12 [0-80] 18 [0-56]
 Amniotic fluid embolism and subsequent DIC (n = 2)
Table 3. Obstetric Hemorrhage Differences with or without PRACE.

From: Current Status and Management Strategies of Obstetric Hemorrhage Using Contrast-enhanced Dynamic Computed Tomography in a Representative Tertiary Perinatal Medical Center in Japan

PRACE (+) PRACE (−) p-value
n = 29 n = 22
Bleeding site
 Upper 24 17 0.73
 Lower 5 5
Types of treatment
 TAE/hysterectomy 17 6 0.046
 Uterotonics/balloon tamponade 12 16
Amount of bleeding (mL) 3,444 [960-29,015] 3,000 [605-9,908] 0.40
Transfusion volume
 RBC (unit) 12 [0-108] 4 [0-22] 0.027
 FFP (unit) 10 [0-106] 5 [2-28] 0.0091
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