Figure and Table | Incidence of Bloodstream Infections in Pediatric Patients with Cancer during Febrile Neutropenia: A Retrospective Study

Table 1. Characteristics of Patients with Pediatric Cancer (n = 152).

	Full cohort (n = 152)	AML (n = 21)	ALL (n = 52)	Lymphoma (n = 10)	Brain tumors (n = 26)	Solid tumors (n = 43)
Age, years, median (range)	7 (0-17)	2 (0-15)	4 (0-17)	11 (7-15)	11 (1-17)	8 (0-17)
Male, n (%)	85 (56)	7 (33)	28 (54)	7 (70)	21 (81)	22 (51)
Treatment courses^a, median (range)	5 (1-20)	5 (1-6)	5 (1-10)	5 (1-8)	5 (2-7)	6 (1-20)
Central venous catheter^b, n (%)	146 (96)	21 (100)	50 (96)	9 (90)	24 (92)	42 (98)
Prophylactic antibiotics, n (%)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)
Mortality during first-line treatment, n (%)	1 (1)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	1 (2)

Table 2. Proportion of FN and BSIs among Treatment Courses.

	Full cohort (829 courses)	AML (94 courses)	ALL (253 courses)	Lymphoma (48 courses)	Brain tumors (122 courses)	Solid tumors (312 courses)
FN incidence
Courses with FN, count	326	76	113	15	62	60
Proportion of FN among all treatment courses, % [95% CI]	39% [36%-43%]	81% [71%-88%]	45% [38%-51%]	31% [19%-46%]	51% [42%-60%]	19% [15%-24%]
Blood culture test performed, count (% blood culture test performed among courses with FN)	307 (94)	72 (95)	106 (94)	15 (100)	56 (90)	58 (97)
BSI incidence
Courses with BSI, count	53	16	18	3	5	11
Proportion of BSIs among all treatment courses, % [95% CI]	6% [5%-8%]	17% [10%-26%]	7% [4%-11%]	6% [1%-17%]	4% [1%-9%]	4% [2%-6%]
BSI during FN
BSI during FN, count	38	16	9	2	4	7
Proportion of BSIs during FN among all treatment courses, % [95% CI]	5% [3%-6%]	17% [10%-26%]	4% [2%-7%]	4% [1%-14%]	3% [1%-8%]	2% [1%-5%]
Proportion of BSIs among FN episodes^a, % [95% CI]	12% [9%-17%]	22% [13%-34%]	8% [4%-16%]	13% [2%-40%]	7% [2%-17%]	12% [5%-23%]
BSI without FN
BSI without FN, count	15	0	9	1	1	4
Proportion of BSIs without FN among all treatment courses, % [95% CI]	2% [1%-3%]	0% [0%-4%]	4% [2%-7%]	2% [0%-11%]	1% [0%-4%]	1% [0%-3%]

Table 3. Number of BSI Episodes per Patient.

	Full cohort (n = 152)	AML (n = 21)	ALL^a (n = 52)	Lymphoma (n = 10)	Brain tumors (n = 26)	Solid tumors (n = 43)

Experiencing BSI(s), n (%)	43 (28)	11 (52)	15 (29)	3 (30)	5 (19)	9 (21)
Experiencing BSI(s) during FN, n (%)	32 (21)	11 (52)	9 (17)	2 (20)	4 (15)	6 (14)
Experiencing BSI(s) without FN, n (%)	13 (9)	0 (0)	8 (15)	1 (10)	1 (4)	3 (7)

Table 4. Relationship between BSIs and HD-CA Use in AML and ALL.

Treatment	Total courses, count	BSI, count	Proportion of BSIs, % [95% CI]	Risk difference, % [95% CI]	Risk ratio, [95% CI]
AML
Treatment including HD-CA	50	15	30% [18%-45%]	28% [13%-43%]	13.2 [2.3-365.3]
Treatment without HD-CA	44	1	2% [0%-12%]	Reference	Reference
ALL
Treatment including HD-CA	10	1	10% [0%-45%]	3% [−8% to 41%]	1.4 [0.1-6.9]
Treatment without HD-CA	243	17	7% [4%-11%]	Reference	Reference