From: Unfolding the Tapestry of Blood Pressure Variability: Revealing Hidden Dimensions
| Metric name | Calculation method | Unit | Key characteristics |
|---|---|---|---|
| Max-Min Difference | Maximum BP value minus minimum BP value over a period | mmHg | Simple measure of range; sensitive to extreme values |
| Standard Deviation (SD) | Square root of the average squared deviation from the mean | mmHg | Captures overall dispersion; influenced by mean BP level |
| Coefficient of Variation (CV) | SD divided by mean BP, multiplied by 100 | % | Standardizes variability relative to mean BP; expressed as a percentage |
| Variation Independent of Mean (VIM) | SD divided by mean BP to the power x, multiplied by population mean to the power x | (mmHg) | Assesses variability independently of mean BP; adjusts for baseline BP differences |
| Average Successive Variability / Average Real Variability (ARV) | Mean of the absolute differences between successive BP measurements | mmHg | Reflects short-term or visit-to-visit fluctuations between consecutive readings; ARV term often used in clinical contexts to reduce overestimation from outliers |
| Standard Deviation about Regression Line (SDreg) | SD of the residuals from the regression line of BP over time | mmHg | Measures variability around long-term BP trends; removes influence of systematic trends |
| Root Mean Square of Successive Differences (RMSSD) | Square root of the mean of the squared successive BP differences | mmHg | Captures beat-to-beat or short-term variability; emphasizes rapid fluctuations |
