Table 1. Patient Characteristics at Baseline.

From: Improvement of Quality of Life by Switching from Oral Semaglutide to Tirzepatide in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

N 11
Age (years) 50.1 ± 8.6
Sex (male/female) 2/9
Body weight (kg) 86.5 ± 19.6
Body mass index (kg/m2) 32.4 ± 4.9
Glycated hemoglobin (%) 6.8 ± 1.0
Diabetes medications other than tirzepatide
 Biguanide (n) 9
 SGLT2 inhibitor (n) 6
 Sulfonylurea (n) 1
 Thiazolidinedione (n) 1
 Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor (n) 1
 None (n) 2
Table 2. Results of Each DTR-QOL Questionnaire.

From: Improvement of Quality of Life by Switching from Oral Semaglutide to Tirzepatide in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Domain Questions Score Difference p value
Baseline 3 months
Domain 1:burden on social activities and daily activities Q1 My current diabetes treatment interferes with my work and activities 4.2±1.7 5.2±1.4 +1.0 0.008
Q2 My current diabetes treatment limits the scope of my activities 4.3±1.4 6.3±1.1 +2.0 <0.001
Q3 It is difficult to find places on time for my current diabetes treatment 4.9±1.4 6.5±1.9 +1.6 0.019
Q4 My current diabetes treatment interferes with group activities and personal friendships 4.5±1.2 6.6±0.6 +2.1 <0.001
Q5 It is a burden getting up at a certain time every morning for my current diabetes treatment 4.0±2.0 6.4±1.0 +2.4 0.003
Q6 With my current diabetes treatment, the restricted meal times are a burden 3.5±1.8 6.4±0.8 +2.9 <0.001
Q7 When I eat out, it is difficult to manage my current diabetes treatment 4.6±2.0 6.0±1.2 +1.4 0.023
Q8 I feel like my current diabetes treatment takes away the enjoyment of eating 4.5±1.6 5.8±1.1 +1.3 0.024
Q9 With my current diabetes treatment, it is hard to curb my appetite 3.2±1.3 4.4±2.0 +1.2 0.071
Q10 The time and effort to manage my current diabetes treatment are a burden 3.7±1.4 6.2±1.1 +2.5 0.002
Q11 I am constantly concerned about time to manage my current diabetes treatment 4.5±1.4 6.2±0.9 +1.7 0.048
Q12 Pain due to my current diabetes treatment is uncomfortable 5.1±1.7 6.0±1.0 +0.9 0.203
Q13 Gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, passing gas, diarrhea, abdominal pain) due to my current diabetes treatment are uncomfortable 4.3±1.8 6.0±1.6 +1.7 0.047
Total score of domain 1 55.4±13.5 77.9±9.7 +22.5 <0.001
Domain 2: anxiety and dissatisfaction with treatment Q14 I am bothered by weight gain with my current diabetes treatment 3.5±1.2 5.9±1.2 +2.4 0.004
Q19 I have uncomfortable symptoms due to hyperglycemia (high blood glucose) 5.0±1.5 6.2±1.1 +1.2 0.034
Q20 I am worried about high blood glucose 3.0±1.3 4.9±1.8 +1.9 0.006
Q21 I am dissatisfied that my blood glucose is unstable (high and low) 3.8±1.4 5.5±1.2 +1.7 0.013
Q22 I am worried that complications might get worse with my current diabetes treatment 3.5±1.7 4.9±1.8 +1.4 0.027
Q23 I get anxious thinking about living while on my current diabetes treatment 3.3±1.7 4.6±1.4 +1.3 0.035
Q24 I find it unbearable to think that even if I continue my current diabetes treatment, my diabetes may not be cured 3.0±1.5 5.0±1.4 +2.0 0.002
Q25 I am concerned that if I continue my current diabetes treatment, the efficacy may diminish 3.1±1.2 4.5±1.7 +1.4 0.009
Total score of domain 2 27.8±5.8 41.6±8.1 +13.8 <0.001
Domain 3: hypoglycemia Q15 I worry about low blood glucose due to my current diabetes treatment 4.7±1.5 5.8±1.3 +1.1 0.040
Q16 I am scared because of low blood glucose 5.3±1.2 6.4±1.0 +1.1 0.024
Q17 I am sometimes bothered by low blood glucose 5.5±1.2 6.1±1.2 +0.6 0.216
Q18 Symptoms due to low blood glucose are uncomfortable 5.4±1.1 6.0±1.3 +0.6 0.409
Total score of domain 3 20.9±4.2 24.3±4.2 +3.4 0.015
Domain 4: satisfaction with treatment Q26 Overall, I am satisfied with my current blood glucose management 3.2±0.8 5.6±1.1 +2.4 <0.001
Q27 With my current diabetes treatment, I am confident that I can maintain good blood glucose management 3.1±0.9 5.0±1.0 +1.9 0.005
Q28 I am hopeful about the future with my current diabetes treatment 3.8±1.3 5.5±1.0 +2.3 0.013
Q29 With regards to diabetes treatment, I am satisfied with current treatment methods 3.5±1.4 5.6±0.9 +2.1 0.001
Total score of domain 4 13.6±4.0 21.7±3.4 +8.1 <0.001
Total score of all items 117.7±20.2 165.5±22.8 +47.8 <0.001
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