| a. Patients in CKD(+) group |
| Number of cases |
316 |
152 |
396 |
|
| Sex (women) |
156 (49%)† |
57 (38%)* |
165 (42%) |
0.03 |
| Age (years-old) |
73.4 ± 10.7 |
71.7 ± 12.5 |
72.9 ± 10.2 |
0.26 |
| BW (kg) |
60.7 ± 12.3‡ |
61.6 ± 11.8‡ |
65.8 ± 13.0*† |
<0.001§ |
| BMI |
24.4 ± 3.6‡ |
24.2 ± 4.7‡ |
25.3 ± 3.6*† |
0.002 |
| History of hypertension (years) |
9.2 ± 7.3 |
no data |
13.7 ± 8.5 |
<0.001 |
| (n = 286) |
(n = 237) |
| Current smoker |
59 (25%) |
34 (33%) |
43 (11%) |
<0.001 |
| (n = 241)‡ |
(n = 102)‡ |
(n = 396)*† |
| Current drinker |
93 (41%) |
36 (44%) |
168 (43%) |
0.86 |
| (n = 227) |
(n = 82) |
(n = 392) |
| DM |
64 (20%)†‡ |
52 (34%)*‡ |
292 (74%)*† |
<0.001 |
| IHD |
9 (3%)†‡ |
24 (16%)* |
57 (15%) |
<0.001 |
| (n = 389)* |
| CVD |
23 (7%) |
15 (10%) |
36 (9%) |
0.53 |
| (n = 385) |
| eGFR(mL/min/1.73 m2) |
58.6 ± 18.7 |
no data |
54.8 ± 17.0 |
0.004 |
| (n = 313) |
(n = 395) |
| Presence of proteinuria or albuminuria |
157 (52%) |
112 (74%) |
135 (37%) |
0.001 |
| (n = 302)†‡ |
(n = 152)*‡ |
(n = 369)*† |
| Estimated Salt intake (g/day) |
no data |
no data |
8.9 ± 2.0 |
|
| (n = 108) |
|
| Presence of the guidance of salt restriction diet |
261 (83%) |
no data |
269 (76%) |
0.04 |
| Numbers of antihypertensive drugs |
2.0 ± 1.0†‡ |
2.3 ± 1.0*‡ |
1.8 ± 0.9*† |
<0.001 |
| The prescription of antihypertensive drugs |
|
|
|
|
| CCB |
233 (74%) |
124 (82%) |
284 (72%) |
0.06 |
| ARB |
241 (76%)‡ |
121 (80%)‡ |
258 (65%)*† |
<0.001 |
| ACEi |
10 (3%) |
8 (4%) |
18 (5%) |
0.64 |
| MRB |
17 (5%) |
12 (8%) |
36 (9%) |
0.17 |
| β-blocker |
47 (15%) |
28 (18%) |
50 (13%) |
0.22 |
| α-blocker |
28 (9%)‡ |
19 (13%)‡ |
13 (3%)*† |
<0.001 |
| Diuretics |
44 (14%)† |
38 (25%)*‡ |
39 (10%)† |
<0.001 |
| Thiazide |
42 (13%) |
28 (18%) |
no data |
0.15 |
| Loop |
2 (1%) |
10 (7%) |
no data |
<0.001 |
|
| b. Patients in CKD (-) group |
| Number of cases |
488 |
946 |
385 |
|
| Sex (women) |
251(51%) |
506 (54%)‡ |
176 (46%)† |
0.04 |
| Age (years-old) |
66.8 ± 10.9 |
68.0 ± 12.3 |
66.7 ± 10.7 |
0.08 |
| BW (kg) |
61.8 ± 13.5‡ |
61.4 ± 12.5‡ |
65.6 ± 13.0*† |
<0.0001 |
| BMI |
24.6 ± 4.1 |
24.6 ± 5.5 |
24.9 ± 3.8 |
0.64 |
| History of hypertension (years) |
7.3 ± 5.9 |
no data |
10.3 ± 5.8 |
<0.001 |
| (n = 430) |
(n = 226) |
| Current smoker |
102 (26%) |
152 (21%) |
39 (10%) |
<0.001 |
| (n = 392)‡ |
(n = 730)‡ |
(n = 380)*† |
| Current drinker |
186 (51%) |
290 (45%) |
200 (52%) |
0.04 |
| (n = 366) |
(n = 646) |
(n = 382) |
| DM |
85 (17%)‡ |
146 (15%)‡ |
306 (54%)*† |
<0.001 |
| IHD |
7 (1%)†‡ |
44 (5%)* |
24 (6%) |
<0.001 |
| (n = 375)* |
| CVD |
15 (3%) |
33 (4%) |
14 (4%) |
0.85 |
| (n = 371) |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73m2) |
80.3 ± 19.0 |
no data |
75.4 ± 11.3 |
<0.001 |
| (n = 488) |
|
(n = 385) |
| Presence of proteinuria or albuminuria |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
| Estimated salt intake (g/day) |
no data |
no data |
9.5 ± 2.1 |
|
|
|
(n = 91) |
|
| Presence of the guidance of salt restriction diet |
392 (80%) |
no data |
265 (74%) |
0.04 |
| Numbers of antihypertensive drugs |
1.9 ± 0.9‡ |
2.0 ± 0.9‡ |
1.6 ± 0.8*† |
<0.001 |
| The prescription of antihypertensive drugs |
|
|
|
|
| CCB |
390 (80%)‡ |
713 (75%)‡ |
250 (65%)*† |
<0.001 |
| ARB |
360 (74%) |
742 (78%)‡ |
261 (68%)† |
<0.001 |
| ACEi |
27 (6%)‡ |
38 (4%) |
8 (2%)* |
0.04 |
| MRB |
13 (3%)†‡ |
69 (7%)* |
24 (6%)* |
0.002 |
| β-blocker |
55 (11%) |
87 (9%) |
37 (10%) |
0.45 |
| α-blocker |
37 (8%)‡ |
76 (8%)‡ |
11 (3%)*† |
0.002 |
| Diuretics |
56 (12%)† |
116 (12%)*‡ |
21 (6%)† |
<0.001 |
| Thiazide |
52 (11%) |
113 (12%) |
no data |
0.47 |
| Loop |
4 (1%) |
3 (0.3%) |
no data |
0.20 |
