Characteristic | ARNI (n = 27) | ARB (n = 28) | p value |
---|---|---|---|
Age (yrs.) | 85 [78, 87] | 81 [78, 85] | 0.40 |
Female | 14 (51.9) | 11 (39.3) | 0.38 |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 121 [106, 141] | 123 [109, 142] | 0.81 |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 70 [60, 80] | 71 [61, 80] | 0.87 |
Heart rate (beats/min) | 69 [58, 83] | 73 [61, 82] | 0.64 |
Body-mass index (kg/m2) | 23.7 [21.8, 26.1] | 23.9 [20.8, 26.6] | 0.97 |
CONUT score | 4 [2, 5] | 3 [2, 5] | 0.19 |
≥ 5 | 13 (48.1) | 10 (35.7) | 0.41 |
GNRI | 95.2 [82.7, 99.9] | 96.4 [88.7, 102.6] | 0.86 |
<92 | 12 (44.4) | 9 (32.1) | 0.48 |
Medical history | |||
Hypertension | 21 (77.8) | 20 (71.4) | 0.72 |
Diabetes | 8 (29.6) | 9 (32.1) | 0.85 |
Dyslipidemia | 9 (33.3) | 11 (39.3) | 0.80 |
Atrial fibrillation | 13 (48.1) | 11 (39.3) | 0.62 |
Chronic kidney disease | 11 (40.7) | 11 (39.3) | 0.90 |
Anemia | 8 (29.6) | 5 (17.9) | 0.38 |
Stroke | 7 (25.9) | 5 (17.9) | 0.65 |
Hospitalization for heart failure | 27 (100.0) | 28 (100.0) | 1.00 |
Ischemic heart disease | 5 (18.5) | 4 (14.3) | 0.77 |
Peripheral vascular disorder | 2 (7.4) | 2 (7.1) | 0.91 |
Malignancy | 2 (7.4) | 4 (14.3) | 0.67 |
Laboratory data | |||
BNP (pg/mL) | 330.0 [135.0, 543.2] | 398.2 [152.3, 761.0] | 0.49 |
NT-pro BNP (pg/mL) | 2100 [1329, 2454] | 1605 [1129, 2526] | 0.51 |
Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 12.3 [11.3, 12.7] | 12.5 [11.5, 13.3] | 0.19 |
Total lymphocyte count (/μL) | 1340 [1110, 1780] | 1655 [1503, 1810] | 0.09 |
Albumin (g/dL) | 3.2 [2.8, 3.9] | 3.4 [3.1, 3.7] | 0.97 |
Creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.37 [0.80, 1.53] | 1.22 [0.89, 1.52] | 0.83 |
eGFR (mL/min/1.73m2) | 35.8 [28.2, 53.8] | 41.1 [28.9, 60.0] | 0.43 |
Potassium (mEq/L) | 4.5 [4.4, 4.7] | 4.5 [4.1, 4.7] | 0.68 |
Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 151 [138, 191] | 155 [139, 197] | 0.74 |
LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 83 [63, 106] | 89 [71, 111] | 0.69 |
Medication | |||
Beta-blocker | 17 (63.0) | 21 (75.0) | 0.47 |
Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist | 19 (70.4) | 19 (67.9) | 0.85 |
SGLT2 inhibitor | 3 (11.2) | 5 (17.9) | 0.60 |
Ivabradine | 2 (7.4) | 2 (7.1) | 0.87 |
Tolvaptan | 13 (48.1) | 8 (28.6) | 0.65 |
Loop diuretic | 27 (100) | 22 (78.6) | 0.04 |
Statin | 14 (51.9) | 13 (46.4) | 0.68 |
ARNI (n = 27) | ARB (n = 28) | p-value | LSMD 95% CI, p value | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Baseline | 24 weeks | Baseline | 24week | Baseline ARNI - ARB | ARNI Baseline - 24week | ARB Baseline - 24week | Baseline-24week ARNI - ARB | |
LVEDV (mL) | 65.5 [53.4, 98.6] | 56.0 [48.2, 91.4] | 66.4 [54.8, 93.7] | 64.3 [54.8, 79.8] | 0.71 | 0.85 | 0.75 | −1.1 (−14.5, 16.6), 0.89 |
LVESV (mL) | 26.1 [15.7, 53.4] | 21.3 [14.3, 49.9] | 26.1 [15.0, 40.4] | 26.9 [15.8, 42.6] | 0.82 | 0.76 | 0.95 | −1.6 (−13.6, 10.4), 0.79 |
LVEF (%) | 56.7 [38.0, 61.2] | 61.1 [51.0, 66.3] | 60.1. [46.2, 64.4] | 60.7 [48.4, 65.9] | 0.04 | 0.22 | 0.39 | 1.7 (−2.9, 7.3), 0.47 |
LVEF >50% | 11 (40.7) | 17 (63.0) | 15 (53.6) | 18 (64.3) | 0.39 | 0.48 | 0.62 | - |
LVEF 40-49% | 5 (18.5) | 7 (25.9) | 7 (25.0) | 6 (21.4) | 0.62 | 0.65 | 0.76 | - |
LVEF <40% | 11 (40.7) | 3 (11.1) | 6 (21.4) | 4 (14.3) | 0.36 | 0.04 | 0.56 | - |
LAV (mL) | 65.9 [61.3, 102.0] | 61.4 [54.5, 83.2] | 64.7 [57.9, 78.3] | 66.3 [58.2, 77.1] | 0.45 | 0.31 | 0.94 | −7.1 (−20.0, 5.7), 0.27 |
LAVI (mL/m2) | 45.4 [42.1, 62.3] | 42.7 [33.7, 53.7] | 45.4 [40.8, 54.4] | 44.3 [41.2, 54.6] | 0.45 | 0.37 | 0.91 | −4.3 (−14.1, 5.5), 0.39 |
LAD (mm) | 43 [38, 49] | 41 [37, 44] | 41 [36, 50] | 40 [36, 44] | 0.68 | 0.08 | 0.33 | −1.8 (−3.1, 2.3), 0.41 |
LVDd (mm) | 47.0 [42.0, 50.0] | 44.5 [39.8, 46.3] | 48.5 [41.5, 51.0] | 48.5 [40.5, 51.5] | 0.32 | 0.49 | 0.50 | −0.3 (−4.4, 3.8), 0.89 |
LVDs (mm) | 32 [30, 39] | 29.0 [26.0, 35.5] | 32.0 [28.3, 36.0] | 32.5 [26.8, 40.3] | 0.44 | 0.37 | 0.47 | −1.3 (−3.2, 2.8), 0.91 |
IVST (mm) | 11 [10, 12] | 11 [10, 12] | 12 [10, 12] | 11 [10, 12] | 0.86 | 0.99 | 0.90 | −0.1 (−0.9, 1.1), 0.80 |
PWT (mm) | 11 [10, 12] | 11 [10, 11] | 11 [10, 12] | 11 [10, 12] | 0.94 | 0.45 | 0.30 | 0.0 (−1.1, 1.1), 0.98 |
DcT (msec) | 194 [151, 208] | 208.5 [181.8, 254.5] | 195.5 [148.5, 212.0] | 215.0 [173.0, 256.5] | 0.73 | 0.32 | 0.68 | 2.0 (−35.0, 39.0), 0.92 |
e' septal (cm/sec) | 5.17 [4.80, 6.01] | 5.71 [4.70, 7.24] | 5.15 [4.24, 6.72] | 5.86 [4.25, 6.67] | 0.60 | 0.80 | 0.58 | 0.19 (−1.21, 1.59), 0.79 |
e' lateral (cm/sec) | 6.09 [5.10, 8.17] | 8.12 [5.38, 9.48] | 6.00 [5.09, 8.60] | 7.98 [4.76, 9.49] | 0.99 | 0.31 | 0.90 | 0.40 (−0.96, 1.76), 0.56 |
E/e' septal | 15.4 [12.6, 22.7] | 14.9 [10.8, 22.5] | 14.7 [10.2, 19.2] | 14.2 [9.8, 19.1] | 0.47 | 0.81 | 0.72 | 0.3 (−3.1, 3.6), 0.88 |
E/e' lateral | 13.5 [10.2, 14.8] | 12.7 [9.3, 14.4] | 11.6 [8.8, 14.8] | 11.4 [7.8, 15.7] | 0.68 | 0.82 | 0.90 | 0.3 (−2.7, 3.3), 0.83 |
E/e' mean | 14.6 [11.3, 17.6] | 14.6 [10.1, 17.7] | 14.4 [9.8, 20.9] | 13.9 [8.4, 18.0] | 0.75 | 0.91 | 0.50 | 1.3 (−1.7, 3.3), 0.39 |
ARNI (n = 26) | ARB (n = 28) | p-value | LSMD 95% CI, p value | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Baseline | 24 weeks | Baseline | 24 weeks | Baseline ARNI - ARB | ARNI Baseline - 24week | ARB Baseline - 24week | Baseline-24week ARNI - ARB | |
Body fat mass (kg) | 19.1 [16.4, 24.8] | 19.9 [18.2, 26.7] | 19.1 [9.8, 25.7] | 19.3 [13.3, 25.7] | 0.67 | 0.66 | 0.46 | 0.6 (−1.2, 2.1), 0.32 |
Present body fat (%) | 34.5 [30.0, 39.0] | 35.4 [30.2, 42.0] | 34.1 [21.1, 37.9] | 35.4 [22.8, 38.1] | 0.32 | 0.75 | 0.46 | 1.6 (−2.4, 3.4), 0.51 |
Intracellular water (L) | 16.1 [14.2, 19.9] | 16.0 [14.7, 20.8] | 16.7 [15.3, 20.1] | 16.9 [14.5, 20.5] | 0.34 | 0.60 | 0.45 | −0.9 (−1.2, 2.0), 0.41 |
Extracellular water (L) | 10.6 [10.1, 19.9] | 10.6 [9.9, 12.5] | 10.8 [10.3, 13.8] | 11.0 [10.3, 13.9] | 0.45 | 0.86 | 0.41 | 0.4 (−0.8, 1.6), 0.47 |
Extracellular water/Total body water | 0.41 [0.41, 0.41] | 0.41 [0.40, 0.41] | 0.40 [0.40, 0.41] | 0.41 [0.40, 0.41] | 0.28 | 0.22 | 0.35 | −0.01 (−0.01, 0.00), 0.55 |
Skeletal muscle mass (kg) | 18.7 [16.5, 22.2] | 18.0 [16.7, 24.9] | 19.7 [18.0, 24.4] | 20.0[16.8, 25.5] | 0.20 | 0.89 | 0.44 | −1.7 (−2.0, 2.9), 0.41 |
Basal metabolism (kcal/day) | 1155.5 [1076.3, 1662.3] | 1172.0 [1081.5, 1424.3] | 1178.5 [1119.0, 1356.0] | 1178.5[1094.3, 1380.3] | 0.32 | 0.47 | 0.89 | 39.7 (−57.8, 117.2), 0.42 |