Figure and Table | Health Policy in Japan – Current Situation and Future Challenges

Table 1. Chronological Changes of Population Indicators, Selected Years.

Indicators	1980	1990	2000	2010	2016
Population(in thousands)	117,060	123,611	126,926	128,057	126,940
Female (% of total)	50.8	50.9	51.1	51.3	51.4
Population (% of total)
0–14 years	23.5	18.2	14.6	13.1	12.4
15–64 years	67.4	69.7	68.1	64.1	60.3
65 years and older	9.1	12.1	17.3	22.8	27.3
Mean age at first marriage
Male	27.8	28.4	28.8	30.5	31.1
Female	25.2	25.9	27.0	28.8	29.4
Mean age at first child (mother)	26.4	27.0	28.0	29.9	30.7
Total Fertility Rate	1.75	1.54	1.36	1.39	1.44

Table 2. Chronological Changes of Health Indicators, Selected Years.

Indicators	1970	1990	2000	2010	2016
Age adjusted mortality rate (per 1,000 population)
Male	12.3	7.5	6.3	5.4	4.9^*
Female	8.2	4.2	3.2	2.7	2.5^*
Death rate of top 4 causes (per 100,000 population)
Malignancy	116.3	177.2	235.2	279.7	298.2
Cerebro-vascular diseases	175.8	99.4	105.5	97.7	87.4
Heart diseases	86.7	134.8	116.8	149.8	158.2
Pneumonia	27.1	55.6	69.2	94.1	95.3
Neonatal mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)	8.7	2.5	1.8	1.1	0.9
Infant mortaloty rate (per 1,000 live births)	13.1	4.6	3.3	2.4	2.0
Maternal mortality rate (per 100,000 births)	48.7	14.0	10.0	6.0	5.0
Life expectance at birth
Male	69.3	75.9	77.7	79.6	79.9
Female	74.7	81.8	84.6	86.3	86.3

Table 3. Health Care Workers per 1000 Population in Different OECD Countries.

Indicators	Japan^*	USA**	France^**	Germany^**	UK**
Practicing Physicians	2.4	2.6	3.3	4.1	2.8
Practicing Dentists	0.8		0.6	0.9	0.5
Practicing Pharmacists	1.7		1.1	0.6	0.8
Practicing Nurses	11.0	11.3	9.9	13.3	7.9

Table 4. Hospital Care Output in Different OECD Countries.

Indicators	Japan	USA	France	Germany	UK
Hospital beds per 1000 population	13.2^*	2.8^**	6.1^*	8.1^*	2.6^***
Average length of stay (curative care ward)	16.5	6.1	10.1	9.0	7.0