N | % | % | |
---|---|---|---|
Gender | |||
Male | 1,592 | 49.6 | |
Female | 1,616 | 50.4 | |
Age cohort | |||
20s | 633 | 19.7 | |
30s | 638 | 19.9 | |
40s | 644 | 20.1 | |
50s | 650 | 20.3 | |
60s | 643 | 20.0 | |
Final Education | |||
Junior High School | 86 | 2.7 | |
High School | 1,019 | 31.8 | |
Technical School | 340 | 10.6 | |
Junior College | 35 | 10.8 | |
University | 1,348 | 38.8 | |
Graduate School | 124 | 4.1 | |
Health status | |||
Very good | 135 | 4.2 | |
Good | 1,105 | 34.4 | |
Tolerable | 1,379 | 43.0 | |
Not very good | 526 | 16.4 | |
Very poor | 63 | 2.0 | |
Long-term disease/disability | |||
Yes | 1,028 | 32.0 | |
% in 1,028 | % in 3,208 | ||
Hypertension | 240 | 23.3 | 7.5 |
Mental diseases | 178 | 17.3 | 5.5 |
Musculoskeletal diseases | 139 | 13.5 | 4.3 |
Skin diseases | 133 | 12.9 | 4.1 |
Hyperlipidemia | 125 | 12.2 | 3.9 |
Eye diseases | 111 | 10.8 | 3.5 |
Diabetes mellitus | 99 | 9.6 | 3.1 |
Digestive diseases | 88 | 8.6 | 2.7 |
Nasal diseases | 88 | 8.6 | 2.7 |
Dental diseases | 83 | 8.1 | 2.6 |
Respiratory diseases | 67 | 6.5 | 2.1 |
Cardiovascular diseases | 43 | 4.2 | 1.3 |
Cancer/malignant diseases | 36 | 3.5 | 1.1 |
Renal/urological diseases | 35 | 3.4 | 1.1 |
Ear diseases | 34 | 3.3 | 1.1 |
Immunological diseases | 26 | 2.5 | 0.8 |
Trauma | 15 | 1.5 | 0.5 |
Stroke | 14 | 1.4 | 0.4 |
Hematological diseases | 14 | 1.4 | 0.4 |
Others | 159 | 15.5 | 5.0 |
N | % in 411 | % in 3,208 | |
---|---|---|---|
Gender | |||
Male | 181 | 41.0 | 5.6 |
Female | 230 | 52.2 | 7.2 |
Age cohort | |||
20s | 77 | 17.5 | 2.4 |
30s | 64 | 14.5 | 2.0 |
40s | 82 | 18.6 | 2.6 |
50s | 91 | 20.6 | 2.8 |
60s | 97 | 17.5 | 3.0 |
Final Education | |||
Junior High School | 15 | 4.2 | 0.5 |
High School | 111 | 31.4 | 3.5 |
Technical School | 41 | 11.6 | 1.3 |
Higher professional school | 3 | 0.8 | 0.1 |
University | 165 | 46.6 | 5.1 |
Graduate School | 19 | 5.4 | 0.6 |
Health status | |||
Very good | 8 | 1.9 | 0.2 |
Good | 129 | 31.4 | 4.0 |
Tolerable | 163 | 39.7 | 5.1 |
Not very good | 100 | 24.3 | 3.1 |
Very poor | 11 | 2.7 | 0.3 |
Long-term disease/disability | |||
Yes | 207 | 46.9 | |
% in 207 | % in 3,208 | ||
Hypertension | 51 | 24.6 | 1.6 |
Mental diseases | 44 | 21.3 | 1.4 |
Musculoskeletal diseases | 40 | 19.3 | 1.2 |
Skin diseases | 29 | 14.0 | 0.9 |
Hyperlipidemia | 26 | 12.6 | 0.8 |
Eye diseases | 20 | 9.7 | 0.6 |
Diabetes mellitus | 24 | 11.6 | 0.7 |
Digestive diseases | 19 | 9.2 | 0.6 |
Nasal diseases | 18 | 8.7 | 0.6 |
Dental diseases | 20 | 9.7 | 0.6 |
Respiratory diseases | 16 | 7.7 | 0.5 |
Cardiovascular diseases | 10 | 4.8 | 0.3 |
Cancer/malignant diseases | 7 | 3.4 | 0.2 |
Renal/urological diseases | 8 | 3.9 | 0.2 |
Ear diseases | 10 | 4.8 | 0.3 |
Immunological diseases | 10 | 4.8 | 0.3 |
Trauma | 5 | 2.4 | 0.2 |
Stroke | 2 | 1.0 | 0.1 |
Hematological diseases | 3 | 1.4 | 0.1 |
Others | 36 | 17.4 | 1.1 |
Practitioner/Provider | n | % | |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Physician | 1,757 | 54.8 |
2 | Dentist | 1,119 | 34.9 |
3 | Pharmacist | 942 | 29.4 |
4 | Nurse | 595 | 18.5 |
5 | Massage/Shiatsu practitioner | 184 | 5.7 |
6 | Physical therapist | 156 | 4.9 |
7 | Judo therapist | 100 | 3.1 |
8 | Acupuncture/Moxibustion practitioner | 84 | 2.6 |
9 | Midwife | 69 | 2.2 |
10 | Yoga instructor | 63 | 2.0 |
11 | Nutritionist | 34 | 1.1 |
12 | Chiropractor | 33 | 1.0 |
13 | Aromatherapist | 29 | 0.9 |
14 | Spiritual therapist | 7 | 0.2 |
15 | Homeopathy therapist | 2 | 0.1 |
16 | Others | 34 | 1.0 |
18 | No health services or CAM received during the last 12 months | 1,030 | 32.1 |
Product/Treatment Method | N | % | |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Prescribed Kampo medicines | 162 | 9.2 |
2 | Over-the-counter Kampo medicines | 69 | 3.9 |
3 | Dietary supplements | 65 | 3.7 |
4 | Physical therapy | 55 | 3.1 |
5 | Massage | 53 | 3.0 |
6 | Acupuncture/moxibustion | 36 | 2.0 |
7 | Dietary therapy | 32 | 1.8 |
8 | Yoga | 20 | 1.1 |
9 | Chiropractic | 16 | 0.9 |
10 | Heat therapy | 15 | 0.9 |
11 | Bone setting (seitai) | 13 | 0.7 |
12 | Hot spring therapy | 13 | 0.7 |
13 | Magnetic therapy | 12 | 0.7 |
14 | Music therapy | 9 | 0.5 |
15 | Qigong | 4 | 0.2 |
16 | Forest therapy | 2 | 0.1 |
17 | Spiritual therapy | 2 | 0.1 |
18 | Ayurveda | 1 | 0.1 |
19 | Fasting therapy | 1 | 0.1 |
20 | Homeopathy | 1 | 0.1 |
23 | Others | 20 | 1.1 |
24 | No use of CAM | 1,346 | 76.6 |
Product/Treatment method | n | % | |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Dietary supplements | 378 | 11.8 |
2 | Massage | 126 | 3.9 |
3 | Over-the-counter Kampo | 112 | 3.5 |
4 | Physical therapy | 97 | 3.0 |
5 | Acupuncture/moxibustion | 75 | 2.3 |
6 | Yoga | 70 | 2.2 |
7 | Hot spring therapy | 65 | 2.0 |
8 | Chiropractic | 30 | 0.9 |
9 | Bone setting | 27 | 0.8 |
10 | Aromatherapy | 24 | 0.7 |
11 | Dietary therapy | 16 | 0.5 |
12 | Magnetic therapy | 16 | 0.5 |
13 | Music therapy | 16 | 0.5 |
14 | Herbal therapy | 10 | 0.3 |
15 | Heat therapy | 10 | 0.3 |
16 | Qigong | 10 | 0.3 |
17 | Forest therapy | 9 | 0.3 |
18 | Spiritual therapy | 9 | 0.3 |
19 | Fasting therapy | 8 | 0.2 |
20 | Ayurveda | 3 | 0.1 |
21 | Homeopathy | 2 | 0.1 |
22 | Others | 8 | 0.2 |
23 | No use of CAM | 2,482 | 77.4 |
Used during the last 12 months | Currently using | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Treatment Name | n | % | n | % | |
1 | Over-the-counter Kampo medicines a) | 503 | 15.7 | 298 | 9.3 |
2 | Prescribed Kampo medicines | 494 | 15.4 | 275 | 8.6 |
3 | No use of Kampo medicines (neither prescribed nor over-the-counter) | 2,206 | 68.9 | 2,675 | 82.1 |
Name of Kampo formula | n | % in 857 | % in 3,208 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | kakkonto | 346 | 40.4 | 10.8 |
2 | shoseiryuto | 68 | 7.9 | 2.1 |
3 | bakumondoto | 50 | 5.8 | 1.6 |
4 | shakuyakukanzoto | 40 | 4.7 | 1.2 |
5 | tokishakuyakusan | 39 | 4.6 | 1.2 |
6 | bofutsushosan | 32 | 3.7 | 1.0 |
7 | kamishoyosan | 27 | 3.2 | 0.8 |
8 | goreisan | 22 | 2.6 | 0.7 |
9 | keishibukuryogan | 19 | 2.2 | 0.6 |
10 | hochuekkito | 17 | 2.0 | 0.5 |
11 | rikkunshito | 12 | 1.4 | 0.4 |
12 | others | 84 | 9.8 | 2.6 |
13 | do not know/do not remember | 299 | 34.9 | 9.3 |
n | % | Average 3-month use frequency (times) |
||
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Bath salt | 828 | 25.8 | 28.0 |
2 | Walking | 812 | 25.3 | 22.4 |
3 | Electric massage | 195 | 6.1 | 12.3 |
4 | Hot spring therapy | 193 | 6.0 | 5.2 |
5 | Yoga | 137 | 4.3 | 10.7 |
6 | Relaxation | 95 | 3.0 | 4.1 |
7 | Other health devices | 78 | 2.4 | 17.8 |
8 | Aromatherapy | 61 | 1.9 | 11.6 |
9 | Music therapy | 50 | 1.6 | 26.7 |
10 | Meditation | 31 | 1.0 | 9.0 |
11 | Forest therapy | 28 | 0.9 | 3.3 |
12 | Magnetic therapy | 27 | 0.8 | 18.1 |
13 | Praying for health | 22 | 0.7 | 36.2 |
14 | Qigong | 17 | 0.5 | 6.6 |
15 | Taijiquan | 12 | 0.4 | 16.5 |
16 | Art therapy | 9 | 0.3 | 10.3 |
17 | Heat therapy | 9 | 0.3 | 8.0 |
18 | Participation in healing associations | 3 | 0.1 | 4.0 |
19 | Others | 30 | 0.9 | |
20 | None | 1,672 | 52.1 |
No. of Use | Acute illness (less than 1 month) |
Long-term illness (1 month or more) |
For health improvement |
Others | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | N | % | n | % | N | % | n | % | ||
1 | Bath salt | 828 | 8 | 1.0 | 9 | 1.1 | 684 | 82.0 | 127 | 15.3 |
2 | Walking | 812 | 2 | 0.2 | 23 | 2.8 | 741 | 91.3 | 46 | 5.7 |
3 | Electrical massage equipment | 195 | 13 | 6.7 | 11 | 5.6 | 161 | 82.6 | 10 | 5.1 |
4 | Hot spring therapy | 193 | 1 | 0.5 | 10 | 5.2 | 164 | 85.0 | 18 | 9.3 |
5 | Yoga | 137 | 1 | 0.7 | 6 | 4.4 | 122 | 89.1 | 8 | 5.8 |
6 | Relaxation | 95 | 3 | 3.2 | 6 | 6.3 | 83 | 87.4 | 3 | 3.2 |
7 | Other health devices | 78 | 2 | 2.6 | 6 | 7.7 | 66 | 84.6 | 4 | 5.1 |
8 | Aromatherapy | 61 | 2 | 3.3 | 3 | 4.9 | 49 | 80.3 | 7 | 11.5 |
9 | Music therapy | 50 | 2 | 4.0 | 4 | 8.0 | 39 | 78.0 | 5 | 10.0 |
10 | Meditation equipment | 31 | 2 | 6.5 | 2 | 6.5 | 24 | 77.4 | 3 | 9.7 |
11 | Forest therapy | 28 | 1 | 3.6 | 2 | 7.1 | 22 | 78.6 | 3 | 10.7 |
12 | Magnetic therapy | 27 | 0 | 0.0 | 6 | 22.2 | 20 | 74.1 | 1 | 3.7 |
13 | Praying for health | 22 | 0 | 0.0 | 4 | 18.2 | 16 | 72.7 | 2 | 9.1 |
14 | Qigong | 17 | 0 | 0.0 | 2 | 11.8 | 15 | 88.2 | 0 | 0.0 |
15 | Taijiquan | 12 | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 8.3 | 9 | 75.0 | 2 | 16.7 |
16 | Art therapy | 9 | 0 | 0.0 | 2 | 22.2 | 6 | 66.7 | 1 | 11.1 |
17 | Heat therapy | 9 | 1 | 11.1 | 5 | 55.6 | 3 | 33.3 | 0 | 0.0 |
18 | Participation in healing associations | 3 | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 33.3 | 2 | 66.7 | 0 | 0.0 |
Very helpful | Somewhat helpful | Not helpful | Do not Know | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | ||
1 | Bath salt | 828 | 104 | 12.6 | 533 | 64.4 | 81 | 9.8 | 110 | 13.3 |
2 | Walking | 812 | 192 | 23.6 | 534 | 65.8 | 33 | 4.1 | 53 | 6.5 |
3 | Electrical massage equipment | 195 | 32 | 16.4 | 145 | 74.4 | 12 | 6.2 | 6 | 3.1 |
4 | Hot spring therapy | 193 | 42 | 21.8 | 123 | 63.7 | 3 | 1.6 | 25 | 13.0 |
5 | Yoga | 137 | 29 | 21.2 | 95 | 69.3 | 10 | 7.3 | 3 | 2.2 |
6 | Relaxation | 95 | 21 | 22.1 | 63 | 66.3 | 9 | 9.5 | 2 | 2.1 |
7 | Other health devices | 78 | 14 | 17.9 | 51 | 65.4 | 4 | 5.1 | 9 | 11.5 |
8 | Aromatherapy | 61 | 17 | 27.9 | 40 | 65.6 | 2 | 3.3 | 2 | 3.3 |
9 | Music therapy | 50 | 18 | 36.0 | 31 | 62.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 2.0 |
10 | Meditation | 31 | 7 | 22.6 | 21 | 67.7 | 0 | 0.0 | 3 | 9.7 |
11 | Forest therapy | 28 | 8 | 28.6 | 15 | 53.6 | 3 | 10.7 | 2 | 7.1 |
12 | Magnetic therapy | 27 | 1 | 3.7 | 20 | 74.1 | 3 | 11.1 | 3 | 11.1 |
13 | Praying for health | 22 | 10 | 45.5 | 6 | 27.3 | 2 | 9.1 | 4 | 18.2 |
14 | Qigong | 17 | 5 | 29.4 | 9 | 52.9 | 3 | 17.6 | 0 | 0.0 |
15 | Taijiquan | 12 | 4 | 33.3 | 8 | 66.7 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 |
16 | Art therapy | 9 | 3 | 33.3 | 4 | 44.4 | 2 | 22.2 | 0 | 0.0 |
17 | Heat therapy | 9 | 2 | 22.2 | 6 | 66.7 | 1 | 11.1 | 0 | 0.0 |
18 | Participation in healing associations | 3 | 0 | 0.0 | 2 | 66.7 | 1 | 33.3 | 0 | 0.0 |