Table 1. Acetabular Index by Age and Gender.

From: Cross-Sectional Survey of Childhood Acetabular Development in Japan

Total Boys Girls
Age (years)   Avg   SD Min   Max   Avg   SD Min   Max   Avg   SD Min   Max
3   17 ± 3 (14 23)   18 ± 3 (14 21)   19 ± 3 (16 23)
4   19 ± 4 (10 29)   17 ± 4 (10 24)   20 ± 3 (13 29)
5   21 ± 3 (16 27)   20 ± 3 (16 24)   21 ± 3 (16 27)
6   19 ± 4 (8 27)   18 ± 4 (8 25)   20 ± 4 (11 27)
7   19 ± 4 (14 32)   17 ± 2 (14 22)   21 ± 4 (17 32)
8   17 ± 2 (12 21)   16 ± 1 (14 18)   18 ± 3 (12 21)
9   18 ± 4 (11 27)   16 ± 3 (11 22)   19 ± 5 (12 27)
All   19 ± 4 (8 32)   18 ± 3 (8 25)   20 ± 4 (11 32)
Table 2. Center-edge Angle by Age and Gender.

From: Cross-Sectional Survey of Childhood Acetabular Development in Japan

Total Boys Girls
Age (years)   Avg   SD   Min   Max   Avg   SD   Min   Max   Avg   SD   Min   Max
3   23 ± 4 ° (17 30)   23 ± 4 ° (17 29)   23 ± 4 ° (17 30)
4   23 ± 4 ° (16 36)   24 ± 4 ° (17 34)   23 ± 5 ° (16 36)
5   23 ± 5 ° (12 32)   21 ± 4 ° (12 28)   24 ± 5 ° (15 32)
6   24 ± 5 ° (17 38)   24 ± 5 ° (17 35)   24 ± 5 ° (18 38)
7   26 ± 5 ° (11 34)   27 ± 4 ° (19 33)   25 ± 6 ° (11 34)
8   27 ± 4 ° (20 34)   27 ± 4 ° (21 34)   28 ± 4 ° (20 33)
9   25 ± 6 ° (12 35)   26 ± 5 ° (15 35)   24 ± 8 ° (12 33)
All   24 ± 5 ° (11 38)   25 ± 5 ° (12 35)   24 ± 5 ° (11 38)
Table 3. Acetabular Head Index by Age and Gender.

From: Cross-Sectional Survey of Childhood Acetabular Development in Japan

Total Boys Girls
Age (years)   Avg   SD Min   Max   Avg   SD Min   Max   Avg   SD Min   Max
3   83 ± 5 (75 91)   86 ± 5 (76 91)   82 ± 4 (75 88)
4   84 ± 6 (71 96)   86 ± 5 (76 93)   83 ± 7 (71 96)
5   79 ± 8 (65 94)   78 ± 6 (67 89)   81 ± 8 (65 94)
6   82 ± 6 (69 95)   83 ± 5 (75 95)   80 ± 6 (69 93)
7   80 ± 7 (66 94)   84 ± 6 (76 94)   77 ± 7 (66 86)
8   82 ± 5 (74 91)   83 ± 4 (76 89)   80 ± 5 (74 91)
9   81 ± 8 (63 92)   82 ± 6 (68 89)   81 ± 10 (63 92)
All   82 ± 6 (63 96)   83 ± 6 (67 95)   81 ± 7 (63 96)
Table 4. Correlation between Gender and Acetabular Parameters.

From: Cross-Sectional Survey of Childhood Acetabular Development in Japan

AI CEA AHI
Boys Coefficient of correlation −0.205 0.306 −0.118
p-value 0.035 0.001* 0.229
Girls Coefficient of correlation −0.003 0.150 −0.192
p-value 0.972 0.128 0.050
Table 5. Comparison of Childhood Acetabular Development Indices with Data from Other Countries.

From: Cross-Sectional Survey of Childhood Acetabular Development in Japan

Measurement Nation Subjects Age (years) Result
CEA <15° 15°–19° 20°–40°
Sweden(13) Boys and girls 6–13 0% 2% 98%
Japan* Girls 6–9 4% 13% 83%
AI ≥24° 20°–23° <19°
Germany(11) Girls 5–7 2% 16% 82%
Japan* Girls 5–7 23% 35% 42%
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