Figure and Table | Neuroimmune Communication in the Kidney

Table 1. Applications of CAP Activator.There are several applications activating CAP. Electrical/transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulator are already used in the clinic.Abbreviations: VNS; vagus nerve stimulation

From: Neuroimmune Communication in the Kidney

Modalities	Advantages	Disadvantages	Clinical application	Clinical trials Or pilot study
Ultrasound	Non-invasive	Uncertain mechanism
Implantable device (Electrical stimulation)	Technically easy	Invasive Nonselective	Cluster headache Depression Migraine Functional disorder of intestine	Rheumatoid arthritis ⁽³⁸⁾ Crohn’s disease ⁽³⁹⁾
Transcutaneous VNS (Non-invasive VNS)				Epilepsy ⁽⁶¹⁾ Depression ⁽⁶²⁾ Migraine ^{(63), (64)} Cluster headache ⁽⁶⁵⁾
Optogenetic stimulation	Selective stimulation	Invasive Technically difficult
Drugs (nicotine, GTS-21)	Easy clinical application	Off-target effects

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