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Table 1. Characteristics of Elderly Dialysis Patients by ADL Strata from the Japanese National Inpatient Database 2012-2014.

From: Association of Admission Functional Status and Body Mass Index with Mortality in Patients Receiving Chronic Dialysis: A Nationwide Observational Cohort Study

Number of ADL disability
Whole group 0 1 2 3 4 5 P value
N 104,557 71,866 5,531 3,801 3,727 7,156 12,476
Age (yr) 74.0 ± 6.2 73.1 ± 5.8 75.0 ± 6.4 75.0 ± 6.5 75.4 ± 6.5 76.1 ± 6.6 76.7 ± 6.8 <0.0001
Female (%) 31.2 27.6 36.1 40.0 38.4 38.6 40.8 <0.0001
BMI (kg per m2) 21.8 ± 3.9 22.1 ± 3.8 21.8 ± 3.7 21.8 ± 3.7 21.7 ± 3.7 21.4 ± 3.7 20.7 ± 4.1 <0.0001
Dialysis modality (%)
　HD 94.6 93.8 95.4 95.8 96.8 96.9 96.3 <0.0001
　PD 4.5 5.3 3.7 3.1 2.5 2.4 3.0
　HD + PD 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.1 0.7 0.7 0.7
Charlson comorbidity (%)
　Myocardial infarction 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.1 3.3 3.1 2.9 0.7
　Congestive heart failure 12.5 12.5 12.9 11.9 12.2 12.1 12.7 0.5
　Peripheral vascular disease 8.4 7.7 9.5 8.9 10.6 10.7 10.0 <0.0001
　Cerebrovascular disease 6.8 5.0 7.4 7.6 8.6 9.3 14.4 <0.0001
　Dementia 2.1 0.9 2.3 2.6 2.7 4.1 7.5 <0.0001
　Chronic pulmonary disease 1.6 1.5 1.7 1.2 1.6 2.1 1.8 0.0001
　Rheumatologic disease 0.8 0.6 1.2 1.4 1.3 1.1 1.3 <0.0001
　Peptic ulcer disease 2.9 3.0 2.9 2.9 3.0 2.6 2.4 0.0093
　Mild liver disease 3.5 3.5 2.9 3.3 3.3 3.1 3.5 0.1
　Diabetes without chronic complications 13.6 13.6 14.2 14.0 13.9 13.8 12.9 0.1
　Diabetes with chronic complications 22.0 20.1 24.5 23.8 26.3 28.0 26.7 <0.0001
　Hemiplegia or paraplegia 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.6 1.1 <0.0001
　Any malignancy, including leukemia and lymphoma 5.9 5.9 5.8 5.5 5.6 5.8 6.0 0.8
　Moderate or severe liver disease 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2
　Metastatic solid tumor 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.8 1.6 1.6 0.0019
　AIDS/HIV 0.01 0.01 0 0 0 0 0.01 0.8
Charlson comorbidity index (%)
　0-1 59.9 61.8 58.1 59.2 56.8 56.4 52.6 <0.0001
　2-3 32.2 31.1 33.6 32.6 34.3 34.2 36.8
　≥4 7.9 7.1 8.3 8.2 8.9 9.4 10.6
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Table 2. Factors Associated with In-Hospital Mortality in Elderly Subjects on Maintenance Dialysis.

From: Association of Admission Functional Status and Body Mass Index with Mortality in Patients Receiving Chronic Dialysis: A Nationwide Observational Cohort Study

OR (95% CI)
Variable No. of Events/N Crude OR Adjusted ORa
Age (yr)
　65-74 1,511/58,742 Reference Reference
　75-84 1,701/39,427 1.71 (1.59-1.83) 1.31 (1.22-1.41)
　≥85 489/6,388 3.14 (2.83-3.49) 1.76 (1.57-1.97)
Female 1,178/32,657 1.03 (0.96-1.10) 0.81 (0.75-0.87)
BMI (kg per m2)
　≤18.4 1,160/16,216 2.48 (2.30-2.67) 1.80 (1.66-1.94)
　18.5-24.9 2,053/68,194 Reference Reference
　≥25.0 488/20,147 0.80 (0.72-0.88) 0.89 (0.80-0.97)
No. of ADL disability
　0 1,187/71,866 Reference Reference
　1 141/5,531 1.56 (1.31-1.86) 1.43 (1.19-1.70)
　2 137/3,801 2.23 (1.86-2.67) 2.04 (1.71-2.45)
　3 173/3,727 2.90 (2.46-3.41) 2.58 (2.19-3.04)
　4 492/7,156 4.40 (3.95-4.90) 3.74 (3.35-4.17)
　5 1,571/12,476 8.58 (7.93-9.27) 6.83 (6.29-7.41)
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Table 3. Impact of ADL Disability on Hospital Length of Stay and Medical Cost in Elderly Dialysis Patients.

From: Association of Admission Functional Status and Body Mass Index with Mortality in Patients Receiving Chronic Dialysis: A Nationwide Observational Cohort Study

OR (95% CI)
Category No. of Events/N Crude Adjusteda
Long length of stay (≥30 days)
No. of ADL disability
　0 9,356/71,866 Reference Reference
　1 1,258/5,531 1.97 (1.84-2.10) 1.88 (1.76-2.02)
　2 999/3,801 2.38 (2.21-2.57) 2.27 (2.10-2.45)
　3 1,087/3,727 2.75 (2.56-2.96) 2.60 (2.41-2.80)
　4 2,498/7,156 3.58 (3.40-3.78) 3.36 (3.19-3.55)
　5 5,031/12,476 4.51 (4.33-4.71) 4.17 (3.99-4.35)
Highest quartile of medical cost
No. of ADL disability
　0 16,303/71,866 Reference Reference
　1 1,457/5,531 1.22 (1.15-1.30) 1.21 (1.13-1.29)
　2 1,064/3,801 1.32 (1.23-1.43) 1.31 (1.22-1.41)
　3 1,076/3,727 1.38 (1.29-1.49) 1.35 (1.26-1.46)
　4 2,271/7,156 1.58 (1.50-1.67) 1.56 (1.48-1.65)
　5 3,968/12,476 1.59 (1.52-1.66) 1.57 (1.50-1.63)
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