Figure and Table | Change in the Proportion of Death at Home during the COVID-19 Pandemic and Its Associated Factors in the Municipality Level: A Nationwide Study in Japan

Table 1. Characteristics of the 1741 Municipalities in Japan.

	Mean (SD)	Median (IQR)
Medical resources*
Number of hospital beds	2576.1 (2480.7)	2386.6 (0-3736.5)
Number of general clinics	213.7 (213.9)	193.3 (144.9-240.0)
Number of conventional HCSCs	28.8 (45.5)	20.6 (0-40.6)
Number of enhanced HCSCs	6.7 (14.0)	0 (0-9.3)
Number of home-visiting nurses	111.5 (109.4)	100.0 (0-168.1)
LTC resources*
Number of beds in LTC welfare facilities	220.8 (179.1)	179.0 (130.0-261.3)
Number of beds in LTC health facilities	117.4 (133.2)	101.8 (0-157.9)
Number of beds in LTC medical facilities	10.8 (46.7)	0 (0-2.5)
Population density (population per km²)	1069.2 (2607.4)	189.6 (52.3-766.3)
Cumulative number of COVID-19 cases †	10.4 (6.9)	8.3 (5.3-14.2)
Percentage of home deaths in 2019 (%)	11.4 (4.9)	11.1 (8.3-14.1)
Change in the percentage of home deaths between 2019 and 2021 (%)	2.9 (5.2)	2.9 (0.7-5.0)

Table 2. Multivariable Linear Regression Analysis for the Changes in the Proportion of Home Deaths.

	Coefficient	95% CI	p-value
Medical resources*
Number of hospital beds	−0.19	−0.40-0.01	0.066
Number of general clinics	0.15	−0.05-0.34	0.137
Number of conventional HCSCs	0.19	0.01-0.37	0.041
Number of enhanced HCSCs	0.53	0.34-0.71	<0.001
Number of home-visiting nurses	0.26	0.06-0.46	0.011
LTC resources*
Number of beds in LTC welfare facilities	−0.55	−0.74-−0.37	<0.001
Number of beds in LTC health facilities	0.02	−0.17-0.20	0.872
Number of beds in LTC medical facilities	−0.05	−0.24-0.14	0.609
Population density (population per km²)	0.44	0.21-0.67	<0.001
Cumulative number of COVID-19 cases†	0.49	0.27-0.70	<0.001
Percentage of home deaths in 2019 (%)	−1.24	−1.44-−1.05	<0.001