Figure and Table | Neighborhood Environments and Healthy Life Expectancy in Older Adults: A 6-year Longitudinal Cohort Study Based on Data from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study

Table 1. Perceptions of Neighborhood Environment Types by Sex.

From: Neighborhood Environments and Healthy Life Expectancy in Older Adults: A 6-year Longitudinal Cohort Study Based on Data from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study

	Men (n = 4348)		Women (n = 4608)
	n	%	n	%	p
Locations with graffiti or garbage
Present	1100	25.3	890	19.3	<.001
Absent	3248	74.7	3718	80.7
Roads/crossroads with risk of traffic accidents
Present	2782	64.0	2721	59.0	<.001
Absent	1566	36.0	1887	41.0
Dangerous places for walking alone at night
Present	2313	53.2	2611	56.7	<.001
Absent	2035	46.8	1997	43.3
Locations unamenable to walking (hills or steps)
Present	1479	34.0	1617	35.1	.285
Absent	2869	66.0	2991	64.9
Access to parks and sidewalks
Present	3245	74.6	3240	70.3	<.001
Absent	1103	25.4	1368	29.7
Fascinating views or buildings
Present	1563	35.9	1822	39.5	<.001
Absent	2785	64.1	2786	60.5
Access to fresh food stores
Present	3313	76.2	3310	71.8	<.001
Absent	1035	23.8	1298	28.2
Houses or facilities where you feel free to drop in
Present	1531	35.2	1692	36.7	.137
Absent	2817	64.8	2916	63.3

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Table 2. Association between a Neighborhood Environment within Walking Distance (Generally within 1 km) of Men’s Homes and Healthy Life Expectancy.

From: Neighborhood Environments and Healthy Life Expectancy in Older Adults: A 6-year Longitudinal Cohort Study Based on Data from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study

	Years	95% CI
Locations with graffiti or garbage
Present	16.38	15.56	17.20
Absent	16.06	15.59	16.53
Roads/crossroads with risk of traffic accidents
Present	16.25	15.75	16.74
Absent	16.17	15.50	16.84
Dangerous places for walking alone at night
Present	16.37	15.83	16.90
Absent	15.89	15.33	16.46
Locations unamenable to walking (hills or steps)
Present	15.90	15.25	16.56
Absent	16.26	15.78	16.74
Access to parks and sidewalks
Present	16.50	16.05	16.96
Absent	15.19	14.43	15.95
Fascinating views or buildings
Present	16.51	15.85	17.17
Absent	15.89	15.41	16.37
Access to fresh food stores
Present	16.47	16.06	16.89
Absent	15.38	14.52	16.24
Houses or facilities where you feel free to drop in
Present	16.16	15.49	16.83
Absent	16.26	15.77	16.75

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Table 3. Association between a Neighborhood Environment within Walking Distance (Generally within 1 km) of Women’s Homes and Healthy Life Expectancy.

From: Neighborhood Environments and Healthy Life Expectancy in Older Adults: A 6-year Longitudinal Cohort Study Based on Data from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study

	Years	95% CI
Locations with graffiti or garbage
Present	17.05	16.14	17.96
Absent	16.99	16.51	17.48
Roads/crossroads with risk of traffic accidents
Present	17.12	16.56	17.69
Absent	16.80	16.13	17.47
Dangerous places for walking alone at night
Present	17.25	16.71	17.78
Absent	16.61	15.93	17.29
Locations unamenable to walking (hills or steps)
Present	16.89	16.22	17.56
Absent	17.12	16.58	17.66
Access to parks and sidewalks
Present	17.39	16.88	17.89
Absent	16.07	15.27	16.86
Fascinating views or buildings
Present	17.42	16.68	18.15
Absent	16.74	16.16	17.31
Access to fresh food stores
Present	17.00	16.56	17.45
Absent	16.46	15.62	17.29
Houses or facilities where you feel free to drop in
Present	17.67	17.01	18.33
Absent	16.67	16.10	17.23

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